Reporters who investigate politics, corruption, conflict and human rights are facing a growing wave of cyber-enabled attacks, ranging from coordinated online harassment and disinformation campaigns to hacked messaging accounts, compromised news websites and threats that spill into real-world danger. What makes this new threat especially insidious is its reach. A single post can trigger thousands of hostile messages, a hacked WhatsApp account can collapse months of investigative work, an online smear can isolate a journalist socially, professionally and psychologically – all without a single physical confrontation.